Innovation in the production of biofuels in bid to cut emissions

The rising presence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is not a new problem and it is widely known.
In 2019, a new record amount of carbon dioxide was recorded in the atmosphere at around 409 ppm, and it will be increasing every year if past trends continue.
Carbon dioxide emissions have also been increasing every year with an increase of approximately 12 billion tons of emissions over the period of 1990 to 2020 [1].
The good news is that many researchers have exploited the fact that carbon dioxide is a very useful precursor in the production of more sustainable fuels, which can address not only the emissions issue but also the issue of the sustainability of fossil fuels.
This article, by Dr Raj Shah, an adjunct professor in chemical engineering at State University of New York and Nathan Aragon, a student at State University of New York, Stony Brook, and an intern at Koehler Instrument Company, highlights some recent examples of innovations using catalysis or other methods to convert carbon dioxide into fuels.
There have been some cases where the conversion of carbon dioxide to fuel has been carried out using bacteria.
In one...